Madasgascar
Madagascar has a population of 27 million inhabitants with a literacy rate of 81.2% for young people aged 15 to 24 years (La Banque Mondiale, 2018).
The functions of Technical Education and Vocational Training are carried out by the Ministry of Technical Education and Vocational Training (METFP) whose missions are:
● To develop technical education and initial vocational training for young people, particularly women and people with disabilities, in the trades required by the emerging sectors, whether modern or traditional, with better regional, national and local professional mobility,
● To offer individuals outside the school system opportunities for the development of vocational training leading to qualifications, learning of basic trades and entrepreneurship in order to improve their employability and facilitate their professional integration,
● To define, develop and implement education and training programmes with the active participation of the professional world in order to meet the needs of local growth sectors.
According to Article 1 of Decree No. 2011-428, Technical Education and Vocational Training (TEVT) are provided in public and private institutions accredited by a Validation Commission whose organization is determined by the Department in charge of Technical Education and Vocational Training. In Article 2, the following types of training are defined - Qualifying Vocational Training (QVT), Vocational Training (VT) and Technical Education (TE).
According to Article 48 of Law No. 2004-004 of 26 July 2004 on the General Orientation of the Education, Teaching and Training System in Madagascar, the mission of Technical and Vocational Training is to train young people and adults according to the real and evolving needs of the economy. It contributes to the socio-cultural and economic development of the family, the region and the nation.
The METFP comprises of four (4) main directorates, namely the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Education (DGETP), the General Directorate of Vocational Training (DGFP), the Transversal Administrative Directorates, the Regional Directorates of Technical Education and Vocational Training (DRETFP) and the related establishments and bodies.
According to Madagascar's second report for the voluntary national review on the Sustainable Development Goals 2021 (Page 52), the number of trainees in the Technical Education and Vocational Training (ETFP) institutions has increased from 33,125 in 2016 to 45,040 in 2020. The objective is to train 1,000,000 learners by 2023, including the number of young people trained outside the school system (from 43,323 learners to 100,000 in 2020).